@Apollo: There are two primary problems with your NS.

#1: Your NS is extremely similar, and I mean extremely similar to the Roman Empire/Republic. Even if the Aliens got said information from the probe its unlikely they would literally completely base EVERYTHING in their society off Rome. More than likely it'd become a more folklore/cultural legend, like if humanity found an alien probe with their culture on it, we wouldn't suddenly start calling ourselves the Glorious BRUEDLGGSLG Empire of BLURRRRRRRRGGGG and all start dressing up as aliens from the 80's.

#2: The Voyager-1 (Or Voyager-2) probe did not have any mentions of Rome in the Golden Record.