SeireiteiTake note that the innermost circle in the middle is what holds the Senzaikyuu, Central 46, Soukyouku Hill and Stadium. This circle is surrounded by the three Kidoushuu Towers.
The outermost circle is the central court, where the 13 Divisions and the Academy reside.
Senkaimon Gates ( the gates that let you go to Earth ) are located in the 1st division taisho along with all
EVEN numbered divisions.
The roads are winding and its easy to get lost if you don't know where you're going. Also, its a tiring journey from one side of Seireitei to the other if you aren't a higher level shinigami so keep that in mind while collabing with others from different divisions.
The surrounding area is what is deemed to be the residencial area of the Soul Society. The Rukon Districts. This place is bustling with commerce and trade.
RukongaiRukongai is divided into 320 districts (80 in North Rukongai, 80 in West Rukongai, etc.), districts spread out from Seireitei in concentric rings, with 1 being the closest and 80 being the furthest; this results in the higher-numbered (and farther) districts decaying into slums. Thus, while District 1 is peaceful and lawful, District 80 is a hardscrabble, violent, crime-infested area.
North Rukongai - North Alley of Loitering Spirits - Mountainous terrain borders its extents. 3rd most populated area.
South Rukongai - South Alley of Flowing Spirits - Barren, desert/wasteland-like terrain borders its extents. Lowest population (duh).
East Rukongai - Woodland terrain borders its extents. 2nd highest population.
West Rukongai - Luscious hill-like terrain borders its extents. Most populated.
Known Named Districts1 - Junrinan
3 - Hokutan (Western Hokutan hosts Mt. Koifushi)
78 - Inuzuri
79 - Kusajishi
80 - Zaraki
Along the outskirts and boundaries between each section, the topography becomes meshed together - For example, the Northeast is slightly mountainous and forested, etc. Also, these areas aren't ALL one set of topography, it's just primarily like that. So you will find random woods in the South, it's just rare.