The Republic of Brazil
13 January 1950Eurico DutraThe delegation from the United States was set to come tomorrow. Eurico had a team of assistants working on getting everything ready for their stay, and with luck, everything would be sorted out quickly and Brazil would get all the assistance from the United States it needed so that Brazil could industrialize and modernize. With that, Brazil could hopefully become a major player in world affairs and it keeping Communism at bay.
That’s when he remembered something. The exploration mission he had sent to Antarctica was set to arrive back in Rio de Janeiro tomorrow as well. Hopefully they will have discovered a few good sites for us to land.
Should I have sent more than one party to go scout the coast? he thought to himself.
Eurico fumbled through the envelopes his assistant had placed on his desk that morning and saw a few responses from his request for various intellectuals. Two were from the Netherlands and one was from West Germany.
This is shaping up quite nicely.That was when his phone rang. “Hello,” he said as he answered it.
“Hello, is this finally President Dutra?” he heard a familiar man’s voice over the phone.
He couldn’t quite place who it was, “Who is this?”
“Getulio Vargas, you don’t recognize me?”
“Mister Vargas, my apologies!” Dutra said to his forerunner and past boss.
Getulio chuckled. “Please, Eurico. We’ve known each other long enough, I’d think we’d be on a first name basis.”
“Fair enough, Getulio. But I haven’t talked to you in ages.”
“This is true. But I wanted to talk to you about something. I’m thinking of rejoining politics, Eurico,” he began, “But anyone of my stature within our country would only be able to run for President. But you are the President, and herein lay the problem. I want to know if you’re seeking reelection, Eurico. You seem to be very well at eluding the question, even among the top echelons in Rio. It’s quite a feat to keep that kind of news away from me, though.”
“I think the people shall want me for another term if what all I think is going to be accomplished is accomplished, Getulio. Run in ’55. If my opinions are still high, I’ll throw my support behind you. It could very well be that we unite the country, considering how well liked you already are, my friend.”
“What am I to do in between now and then? Sit on my hands for five years?”
“Hell, how should I know, Getulio! You shouldn’t have left if you wanted to get back in! Build up some personal alliances? Figure something out. Maybe you could try to build up the Brazilian Petroleum industry. Do something that will help Brazil, though. If everything runs according to plans, then you should be able to take the reins in 1956 of a major power not just in South America but in the world,” Eurico said, eluding to the plans he had in mind for his second term. “If you really wanted to help me out, you could try commenting on Brazilian politics and in that subtly throw support my way.” Eurico chuckled.
“Why don’t we talk in person tomorrow about these things, Eurico,” Getulio told him.
He didn’t want Getulio to find out about his plans with America, but that would’ve been the only thing to satisfy his former boss if he declined. Eurico had to answer quickly or risk suspicion. “Well,” he said, buying time, “I don’t even know where you are at the moment, Getulio!”
That’s a few more seconds, what else do I say? he thought to himself.
“Oh, well I’m in Sao Paulo,” his old friend smiled through the phone, “You can leave tomorrow morning and still be back in Rio before it starts getting dark, I’d say.”
Damn you, Getulio. “That sounds excellent, I suppose. I hope you’re paying for lunch, though,” Eurico laughed.
“We have so much to discuss,” his friend said to him before hanging the phone.
“Well,” Eurico Dutra sighed to himself, “I guess I’ll need to tell Nereu he’s in charge of negotiations. If I miss the first day…”
Might as well I mess them all.Luis PrestesThey were deep in the Amazon Rain Forest, hiding from the persecution by President Dutra.
Luis did not so much hate Dutra for this. Dutra’s faith in the horrors of capitalism was largely a result of his indoctrination by European and American imperialists. But nevertheless, at present Dutra was an enemy. It was doubtful that he could ever see the light of day on the matter. A revolution would be much easier. And so they gathered here in secret.
At present, there were only thirty or so men, about half that in number of women, and as many children as all the adults in the make-shift village. Luis was actually governing them under the glorious principles of communism, and presently his right hand-man was helping to train the men and older boys in military exercises and fighting.
That was when a man came running up to him. It was Jose, a man he had sent to Fortaleza to report on any important news that was coming through to Brazil. “My apologies, comrade!” he told Luis, “I came as quickly as I possibly could!”
“Calm down, Jose,” Luis chuckled to himself, “What’s the news, comrade?”
“Cuba! I man by the name of Castro has seized control of the country to bring it under the wing and under the guidance of communism.”
“What?” he asked.
This is incredible news, however startling. “Come with me, comrade. I want you to get a letter to this Castro immediately.”
The two moved towards a lean-to that Luis was using as a home and office. He found a piece of paper before sitting down to write the letter as quickly as he could. Time was of the essence.
To My Comrade Castro,
My name is Luis Prestes. I am a leader of a small communist community in the jungles of Brazil and have recently heard against your victory against the imperialist thugs in your nation to bring it to the light of communism.
I write to you, however, not just to congratulate you. I write to request assistance from your brave country. Help my small community, we are presently less than a hundred individuals, to kick off the shackles of the imperial thugs in Brazil and to help enlighten those who can be about communism. I ask, simply put, for your help to fellow comrades to bring Brazil to communism. For a stronger America, and a swifter defeat of the capitalist pigs.
Anything you can supply us with is better than nothing, comrade,
Luis PrestesLuis knew that it would be at least the end of the month before Castro even got the letter, and near the end of February before Luis could even hope to get a response back. And even that was optimistic.
19 January 1950
American-Brazil Treaty for the Security of South American Democracy said
A)
For the Payment of Seven Hundred and Fifty Million U.S. Dollars from Brazil, the United States of America Commits to the Following Terms for Assistance:
1)
The Transformation of the city of Sao Paulo into a major center for the Brazilian Armed Forces, entailing the following:
-American Companies Producing Military Hardware Will Set up Manufacturing Plants in Sao Paulo and All of Which They Shall Sell to the Brazilian Military at Fair Market Value. This is to Include the Production of Guns and Other Arms, Tanks and Other Military Land Craft, Fighter Planes and Bombers, Conventional Explosives, and Standard Gear for Soldiers.
-American Companies Shall Construct Dry-Docks to Build Newer, Better Models of Military Ships All of Which They Shall Sell to the Brazilian Military at Fair Market Value.
-Renovations to the Port(s) in Sau Paulo in Order to Accomodate for Brazil's New Navy.
-All Factories, Docks, etc. Still Belonging to American Companies after 25 Years since the Ratification of This Treaty Shall Go Under Review for Brazilian Companies to Buy with or without Subsidies from the Brazilian Government. This Shall Not Prevent Brazilian Companies from Purchasing These Things from American Companies at a Sooner Date, but All that Remain by This Date Shall be Bought by Brazilian Companies.
-This is Committed to be Completed within Five Years of the Ratification of this Treaty
2)
The Mass Construction of New Infrastructure Across Brazil, entailing the following:
-American Companies Shall Construct a High-Way System Connecting the Brazilian Coast from Sao Paulo to Fortaleza, Which Will Upon Completion be Placed Under the Ownership and Care of the Government of Brazil.
-American Companies Shall Construct Minor Roadways to Various Inland Brazilian Cities, Connecting them to the Major Cities On the Brazilian Coast. Upon Completion These Roadways Will be Placed Under the Ownership and Care of the Government of Brazil.
-American Companies Shall Construct Advanced Telecommunications Networks from Sao Paulo to Fortaleza and to Several Major Inland Cities, as Well as a Line Connecting Rio de Janeiro Directly with Washington D.C. to Further Encourage Friendly Relations Between Brazil and the United States. After 25 Years since the Ratification of This Treaty, all Intra-Brazilian Lines Shall be Considered for Purchase by Brazilian Company(s) or the Brazilian Government. If, at that time, they are not Bought by Brazil or Brazilian Company(s), then after Another 25 Years the Brazilian Government or Brazilian Company(s) Must Purchase Them
-This is Committed to be Completed within Ten Years of the Ratification of this Treaty
3)
The Funding of Newborn Brazilian Oil Companies, to Promote Brazil's Production of Petroleum Products, entailing the following:
-After Reviewing Various Petroleum Start-Up Companies within Brazil, the United States Shall Select at Least Three and Fund Them Until They Become Profitable without U.S. Intervention
-If, After Five Years from the Ratification of this Treaty, Any or All of these Companies Remain Unprofitable, the U.S. Will be Free of It's Commitment for Aide
4)
The Modernization and Industrialization of Brazilian Farming, entailing the following:
-American Subsidization of Farmers to Promote the Purchasing of Mechanical Farm Equipment
-American Subsidization for This Shall End After Either Five Years or After Three Million Dollars of Subsidies Have Been Made, Whichever Shall Come to Pass First
B)
The Government of Brazil Shall Be Allowed to Spend Up to Ten Million Dollars in Advertisements Across the United States in Order to Try to Attract Scientists, Engineers, and other Intellectuals to Brazil to Work for the Brazilian Government in Either the National Brazilian Academy of Science and Technology or for Government Research Projects to Promote the Development of Brazil's Intellectual Resources and Technological Capability.
This is to Conclude Ten Years After the Ratification of the Treaty, Even if Brazil Has Not Spent All Ten Million Dollars in Advertisements.
C)
The Government of Brazil Authorizes the United States to Set Up a Naval and Marine Base in the City of Sao Paulo for Thirty Years, at Which Point it Can be Renewed for a Further Stint of Time to be Active.
D)
Both the Government of Brazil and of the United States Jointly Assume the Assurance of Democracy and the Resistance of Communism in South America for Ten Years After the Ratification of This Treaty, at Which Point it Shall Come Under Review for Renewal.
1)
Should a Communist State Arise in South America, the following are explicitly allowed:
-Full or Partial Mobilization of the Military of Either Brazil or the United States Against that State
-The Entire Range of Economic Sanctions Shall be of Use by both the United States and Brazil
-The Arming of Forces Resisting Communism
2)
Should a Communist State Arise in South America, the following are explicitly mandated:
-The Breaking of All Diplomatic Relations with that State
-Allowing Asylum to Any Refugees Loyal to the Non-Communist Government
3)
When Dealing with a State in South America that is Neither Communist or Democratic:
-The United States and Brazil Must Agree to Military Action before Any Military Action Be Taken
-The Entire Range of Economic Sanctions Shall be of Use by both the United States and Brazil is Permitted
-Breaking of Any or All Diplomatic Relations with that State is Permitted
4)
When Dealing with the Overthrow of a Democratic State for a State that is Neither Communist or Democratic:
-Full or Partial Mobilization of the Military of Either Brazil or the United States Against that State is Permitted
-The Arming of Forces Resisting the Non-Democratic Government with Approval of the Other Party Involved in this Treaty is Permitted
-Any Action Permitted by Section D, Subsection 3 Are Also Permitted
Dean Acheson, On Behalf of the United States of America
Nereu Ramos, On Behalf of Brazil
27 January 1950Eurico DutraIt was over a week since the treaty for American assistance had been signed. So far, it had been a hit with the poor in Brazil as they were all hopeful this would help bring an end to the income inequality they had in the country.
Another effect of the treaty that Eurico didn’t realize would happen is the number of letters in response he received had increased. It had since stopped, so he imagined no one else would respond to his initial letters, but over two dozen letters had come in totally, all saying that this scientist or that engineer or this academic would happily come to Brazil given proper compensation, and so Eurico was busy writing letters giving his offers to everyone that said they’d be willing to come.
However, many of the lunches he had scheduled with various financial backers of his political career that he had scheduled up to the first few weeks of February had been cancelled. But Eurico knew he had to persist for the good of Brazil.
“Sir,” his assistant burst through the door, “Urgent news form Venezuela.”
“Don’t you dare tell me it’s communists,” Eurico shouted, “It’s bad enough with Cuba and Brazil isn’t yet ready to go to war. This week has been too good for something like this to happen.”
“No, sir, it isn’t communists,” he said setting a report on his desk. “Democratic protests broke out on the 24th against the dictatorship. We have reason to believe our treaty is the cause of these protests. Analysts think that the people of Venezuela might be hoping for Brazilian support in these protests.”
“That’s fantastic,” Eurico said, dismissing his assistant as he read over the report.
I need to keep an eye on this. Venezuela could make for a powerful ally. We could provide training to any rebels, I suppose. Eurico smiled at the thought of this.
That would show Brazil’s power to the world.Luis Prestes“Comrades,” Luis spoke out to the gathered villagers. “Comrades, it has come to our knowledge that protests have broke out in Venezuela against the dictatorship there. I speak to you today to ask for volunteers to go into the protests to help the protesters see the light of communism.”
Two people immediately stepped forward. They looked around the crowd and finally a third stepped forward.
“Three people seems good enough, then,” Luis smiled. “You shall leave for Venezuela in the morning.”
3 February 1950Eurico Dutra“My dear reporters,” Eurico started his meeting with the media, “I am proud to announce that today the construction of the National Brazilian Academy of Science and Technology. This school, which is set to open on the first of next year, will train some of the brightest young minds in all of Brazil, so that Brazil will become a leader in the scientific world as well as a new industrial power in the world, and with it we will be able to push Brazil forward even beyond the assistance that the United States has given us.
“More over, I am pleased to announce that the construction of a highway network and advanced road system began today in Fortaleza. It shall allow the further integration of Brazil, in order to further strengthen Brazil on the world stage. This road system will be one of the most, I dare say the most, advanced road network in the world, rivaling the German autobahn.
“However, what use of a road system does Brazil have if we do not have cars or transportation? That very question is exactly why I am pleased to announce that the United States has begun funding of four Brazilian petroleum companies, which will develop technologies to produce all manner of products from the oil of Brazil, made in Brazil, and made by the people of Brazil. Can you imagine the power and honor Brazil would have if all of this so far is to be accomplished?
“More aide is set to come, I tell you. And Brazil will be stronger than it is now. Against all odds, we shall become a beacon of capitalism and democracy when communists aren’t expecting it at all. Brazil shall be a knife in the dark plunged into the back of communism,” by now Eurico was standing and speaking with an intense passion, his breathing hard.
“But I get ahead of myself, don’t I,” Eurico laughed, sitting back down. “Next in line, Brazil is set up to get manufacturing plants, chiefly in Fortaleza, Rio de Janeiro, and in Sao Paulo, but smaller plants shall be set up elsewhere. I therefore ask that those who seek out new jobs for Brazil’s new industrialization make their way to the major cities of Brazil. Thank you, reporters, I think that is all I have time to speak to you about now.” Eurico bowed before his guards escorted him away.
Summary:-Getulio Vargas, Former Leader of Brazil, Plans to Reenter Brazilian Politics
-Communists Hiding in the Amazon Rain Forest of Brazil Secretly Send a Letter to Fidel Castro in Cuba, which Will Arrive Around the Middle of February
-Brazil and the United States Ratify a Treaty That Provides American Aide in Brazil's Development as Well as Acts as a Mutual Assurance Treaty of Protecting Democracy and Capitalism in South America
-Protesters in Venezuela are Protesting the Dictator, but It Remains Unclear About What
-Brazilian Communists Seek to Co-Opt the Venezuelan Protesters
-American Aide Starts to Come into Brazil